Prunus cerasifera
Overview
The Cherry Plum is a small flowering tree native to southeastern Europe and western Asia. Widely planted as an ornamental, it is known for its colorful foliage, early spring blossoms, and attractive fruits. Many cultivated forms feature purple or reddish leaves throughout the growing season, making Cherry Plum one of the most recognizable ornamental trees in landscapes and gardens.
Because of its showy flowers and adaptability, Cherry Plum has been planted extensively throughout North America. It provides seasonal interest in spring, colorful foliage throughout summer, and fruit that attracts birds and other wildlife.
Identification
Leaves
- Alternate leaf arrangement
- Oval to elliptical leaves
- Finely serrated margins
- Green, bronze, purple, or reddish-purple depending on cultivar
- Yellow, orange, or reddish fall color
Bark
- Dark gray to brown bark
- Smooth on young trees
- Develops shallow fissures and plates with age
- Prominent horizontal lenticels typical of many Prunus species
Flowers
- White to pale pink blossoms
- Bloom very early in spring
- Often appear before the leaves emerge
- Produced abundantly along the branches
- Attractive to pollinators
Fruit
- Small round plums
- Yellow, red, or purple depending on variety
- Ripen during summer
- Edible and often enjoyed by wildlife
Size
- Typically grows 15 to 25 feet tall
- Mature spread of 15 to 25 feet
- Forms a rounded crown
Native Range
Cherry Plum is native to southeastern Europe and western Asia. It has been cultivated for centuries and is widely planted throughout temperate regions of the world as both a fruit and ornamental tree.
Within the Marshall University Arboretum, Cherry Plum is classified as a Non-Native species.
Ecology and Wildlife Value
Cherry Plum provides valuable resources for pollinators and wildlife.
Its flowers attract:
- Native bees
- Honeybees
- Butterflies
- Other pollinating insects
Its fruits are consumed by:
- Songbirds
- Squirrels
- Raccoons
- Other mammals
The tree also provides seasonal cover and nesting habitat for birds.
Human Uses and Cultural Significance
Cherry Plum has long been cultivated for both ornamental and culinary purposes.
The species is valued for:
- Early spring flowers
- Colorful foliage
- Attractive fruit
- Compact size
- Adaptability to landscape settings
Its fruits may be eaten fresh or used in:
- Jellies
- Preserves
- Sauces
- Beverages
Many modern ornamental plums and flowering plum cultivars trace their origins to Cherry Plum or hybrids involving the species.
Cherry Plum at Marshall University
Cherry Plum contributes color and seasonal interest to the Marshall University Arboretum. Its early spring flowers provide one of the first floral displays of the year, while its foliage and fruit add visual interest throughout the growing season.
As a non-native ornamental species, Cherry Plum helps demonstrate how cultivated trees from around the world have become part of modern campus landscapes while providing beauty and habitat for pollinators and wildlife.
Quick Facts
Common Name: Cherry Plum
Scientific Name: Prunus cerasifera
Family: Rosaceae
Native Region: Non-Native
Mature Height: 15-25 feet
Mature Spread: 15-25 feet
Growth Rate: Moderate
Sun Requirements: Full Sun
Soil Preferences: Moist, well-drained soils
USDA Hardiness Zones: 4-8
Bloom Period: March to April
Fruit/Seed: Small edible plums that ripen in summer
Wildlife Value: Supports pollinators and provides fruit for birds and mammals
Notable Characteristics: Early spring blossoms, colorful foliage, and ornamental fruit